Table of Contents
🇺🇸 United States of America
The business culture of the United States is a blend of innovation, entrepreneurial spirit, and a strong emphasis on individual achievement. Americans are known for their direct and open communication style.
The business culture of the United States is a blend of innovation, entrepreneurial spirit, and a strong emphasis on individual achievement. Americans are known for their direct and open communication style.
Country Profile
Country information, demographics, geography, and system of government
Cultural Values
Cultural characteristics, values, traditions, and social norms
Business Culture
Practical insights on business meetings, appointments, gift-giving, and communication
Indicators
Indicators related to social and cultural factors, corruption, globalization and more
Country Profile
Formal Name
United States of America
Capital
Washington, DC
Official Language
English
Population
334,9 million
Currency
U.S. Dollar (USD) ($)
GDP
$29.1 trillion
Land Area
9.147.420 km² (Land Surface)
Region
North America
Cultural Cluster
Anglo-Saxon
Other Names
Conventional Long Form: United States of America
Conventional Short Form: America, U.S., USA
Etymology
The name “America” is derived from the Italian explorer, navigator, and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci (1454–1512). His Latinized name, “Americus,” was feminized to “America,” giving the continent its name. Vespucci was the first European to assert that the lands discovered, previously thought by Columbus to be part of Asia, were in fact a new continent. These discoveries later inspired the continent to be called “America.”
Table of Contents
Country Profile
Formal Name
United States of America
Capital
Washington, DC
Official Language
English
GDP
$29.1 trillion
Population
334,9 million
Location
North America
Cultural Cluster
Anglo-Saxon
Other Names
Conventional Long Form: United States of America
Conventional Short Form: America, U.S., USA
Currency
U.S. Dollar (USD) ($)
Land Area
9.147.420 km² (Land Surface)
Etymology
The name “America” is derived from the Italian explorer, navigator, and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci (1454–1512). His Latinized name, “Americus,” was feminized to “America,” giving the continent its name. Vespucci was the first European to assert that the lands discovered, previously thought by Columbus to be part of Asia, were in fact a new continent. These discoveries later inspired the continent to be called “America.”
Demographic Structure
Population:
334,9 million
58.9 million (17.6%)
217.6 million (65%)
58.4 million (17.4%)
Female 166.6 million (49.8%)
Male 168.3 million (50.2%)
Population Structure
Over 79% of the U.S. population lives in urban areas. The majority of residents are of European descent. According to 2015 data, the largest minority group is the Hispanic community (Spanish-speaking Americans), numbering about 58 million and representing 17.66% of the total population. This group includes Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, and other Latin American origins.
African Americans number approximately 41 million, making up 12.6% of the total population. The Asian population is around 17.2 million, accounting for 5.2% of the total, with the largest groups being Chinese, Filipino, Indian, Vietnamese, and Japanese. Native Americans, particularly those in Alaska, number about 2.4 million.
The U.S. received significant immigration after World War I from Italy, Greece, Russia, Poland, Austria, Balkan countries, and especially China.
Ethnic Groups
White 58.9%, Hispanic/Latino 19.1%, African American 13.6%, Asian 6.3%, Native American & Alaska Native 1.3%, Other 0.8%
Spoken Languages
Over 350 languages are spoken in the U.S. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the most common languages besides English are Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog, Vietnamese, and Arabic. English holds official status in 32 of the 50 states; Hawaii’s official language is Hawaiian (ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi), and Alaska recognizes 20 native languages officially.
English 78.2%, Spanish 13.4%, Chinese 1.1%, Other 7.3%
Religious Beliefs
Religious beliefs in the United States are diverse. About 70.6% of the population identifies as Christian. Other religions make up 5.6%, including Muslims, Jews, Buddhists, and Hindus. Meanwhile, 22.8% of the population reports having no religion or being uncertain.
Protestant 46.6% (Evangelical 25.4%, Mainline 14.7%, Black Protestant 6.5%), Catholic 20.8%, Mormon 1.6%, Other Christian 1.7%, Atheist/Agnostic/Unaffiliated 22.8%, Jewish 1.9%, Muslim 0.9%, Buddhist 0.7%, Hindu 0.7%, Other 2.3%
Population, Age, 2023: World Bank
GDP, 2024: IMF
Ethnic Groups, Languages, Religious Beliefs: CIA Factbook
History and Government
History
The English American colonies joined together in 1776 and were recognized as the United States of America following the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The country expanded throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. Initially established with 13 states, the nation grew to 50 states with the addition of 37 new states. The U.S. experienced two major shocks: the Civil War (1861–1865) and the Great Depression in the 1930s. Surviving both World Wars and emerging successfully from the Cold War in 1991, the U.S. became the world’s leading superpower.
Independence
July 4, 1776 (from Great Britain)
Government Type
Federal Republic based on a Constitution
Administrative Divisions
The U.S. has 50 states. Washington, D.C. (District of Columbia) is the federal district.
States: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Major Cities
New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Dallas–Fort Worth, Houston, Philadelphia, Washington D.C., Miami
Geographical Features
Geographic Location
United States is located in the continent of North America. It borders Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The state of Hawaii consists of a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean. Alaska is the only non-contiguous U.S. state, located in the northwestern part of the continent, west of Canada.
Neighbors
Land Neighbors: Canada, Mexico
Maritime Neighbors: Russia (across the Bering Strait from Alaska), the Bahamas, Cuba, and other Caribbean countries
Climate
United States hosts a wide range of climates, from tropical to polar. The Southeast has a subtropical climate, the Midwest is temperate, the Southwest is arid/desert, the Northeast experiences a humid continental climate, and northern Alaska has a polar climate. Coastal areas generally have milder conditions, while inland regions experience more significant temperature variations.
Cultural Values
✦ The United States of America (USA) has a rich history shaped by its struggle for independence, transcontinental migrations, and technological advancements.
✦ Cultural diversity is one of the country’s most defining characteristics; immigrants from all over the world have made American culture multidimensional and dynamic.
✦ The cultural values of the United States are rooted in freedom, individualism, and equal opportunity. American society places great importance on each individual’s right to determine their own destiny and pursue their dreams. This is closely associated with the concept of the “American Dream,” the belief that anyone can achieve success regardless of their background or social status.
✦ Entrepreneurship and innovation are fundamental pillars of American cultural values. A social structure that encourages risk-taking and the pursuit of new ideas has paved the way for the emergence of many globally recognized technology companies and startups. Americans emphasize the importance of individual effort and initiative in achieving success and view failure as an opportunity for learning.
✦ Diversity and inclusion are important cultural values in the United States. Shaped by immigrants from all over the world as a “melting pot,” the country places great value on the coexistence of different cultures, beliefs, and lifestyles. This diversity is also reflected in American art, literature, and cuisine, creating a rich cultural mosaic.
✦ Equality and justice are among the core values of American society. The ideal of providing equal rights and opportunities for everyone has led to significant social movements and the development of key policies throughout American history. However, these ideals do not always align perfectly with reality; issues of social justice and equality remain areas that American society continues to address and strive to improve.
✦ Great importance is placed on education and innovation. World-renowned universities and research institutions continue to lead in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Technology hubs such as Silicon Valley are regarded as the heart of global innovation and entrepreneurship.
✦ The United States is also known for its cultural exports such as Hollywood cinema and Broadway theater. It has made significant contributions in music, art, and literature, and has been home to many world-renowned artists and thinkers.
Independence and Freedom
Independence plays a central role in the culture of the United States. “Independence ” is a defining characteristic rooted in U.S. history, beginning with the colonies’ declaration of independence from Britain. Americans place great importance on individual freedom and the right to make their own decisions. This mindset is reflected in all areas of life—from education and business to politics and everyday living. Independent thinking and free will are often regarded as cornerstones of the “American Dream.” Americans’ entrepreneurial spirit and emphasis on innovation are concrete examples of this understanding of independence.
For Americans, “freedom” is not just a right but a fundamental part of their way of life. The ability to make one’s own choices and control one’s own life has been a core value since the founding of the United States. This freedom manifests itself in various forms, such as freedom of expression, freedom of religion, and the freedom to start a business. While embracing diverse ideas and beliefs, American society provides an environment that enables individuals to express themselves and fully realize their potential.
Individualism
Individualism is a concept deeply embedded in the American way of life and shapes the dynamic nature of American culture. Across society, there is a strong emphasis on developing one’s abilities, taking personal responsibility, shaping one’s own future, and making independent decisions. In the United States, the encouragement of free individualism can be seen in every sphere—from education and business to politics and social relationships. Individuals’ pursuit of discovering their own identities, passions, and goals reflects the spirit of exploration and innovation that lies at the heart of American culture.
In American society, individualism is not only associated with freedom and independence, but also with celebrating differences and individual contributions within the community. While individuals follow their own unique paths, they also contribute to the broader goals and values of society. This means that in the United States, diversity and creativity can flourish together, creating a richer and more dynamic society in which each person adds value through their own story and contributions. It also illustrates how American society supports individual success while maintaining a sense of collective identity and unity.
Equal Opportunity
In the United States, equal opportunity is considered a central element of national identity. The “American Dream” is based on the idea that anyone can achieve success and upward social mobility through their own efforts. This belief fosters the notion that individuals should have equal opportunities in education and the workforce, regardless of their background. Equal opportunity reflects the core values of justice and equality within American society, while also promoting diversity and inclusivity.
Government institutions, civil society organizations, and educational systems implement various programs and policies to support this understanding of equality. For example, scholarships, financial aid programs, and equal employment laws aim to ensure fair access to education and career opportunities for all. Investment in equal opportunity is viewed as a foundation for social development and economic progress, as giving every individual the chance to realize their potential contributes to the overall prosperity of society.
Diversity
The United States is a crossroads of different cultures, ethnic backgrounds, and lifestyles. Throughout its history, it has been shaped by immigrants from all over the world, which has given American culture its distinctive diversity. This diversity is reflected in every aspect of life in the U.S., from art and music to cuisine, enriching many dimensions of social life. The coming together of people from different backgrounds makes American society dynamic and innovative.
Diversity is also a reflection of American values, emphasizing respect for differences and the belief that everyone’s contribution is valuable. It is supported through approaches that promote diversity in workplaces, educational institutions, and policymaking. America’s diversity fosters greater understanding and empathy among individuals, while also enhancing the country’s ability to compete in a global society.
Patriotism
In the United States, patriotism is a deeply rooted sentiment and manifests itself in many aspects of society. For Americans, patriotism represents deep respect for the flag, the national anthem, and the Constitution, as well as a strong commitment to the country’s founding values. National holidays, commemorative ceremonies, and military honors are among the rituals that reinforce this patriotic feeling. By celebrating the nation’s history and cultural heritage, Americans preserve a sense of community and national unity that spans generations.
This sense of patriotism is evident not only at the national level but also on an individual level. Americans express their patriotism by defending ideals such as freedom and justice and by taking active roles within their communities. Participation in civic events, volunteer work, and involvement in local governance are common ways in which Americans demonstrate their commitment to their communities and to the country. In this way, patriotism in the United States exists both as a shared heritage and as a form of active civic engagement.
Informality
In the United States, informality is a common characteristic in both social and professional life. It can be easily observed especially in everyday interactions and business relationships. In American culture, sincerity and ease are emphasized in interpersonal relations; naturalness and openness are preferred over formality. Even in the business world, addressing people by their first names, flexible working hours, and relaxed dress codes are clear indicators of this informal approach. This helps people communicate more comfortably with one another and prevents the formation of rigid hierarchies.
Informality also contributes to the association of American society with innovation and flexibility. Encouraging creative thinking and individual expression often requires a less formal and more dynamic environment. In American culture, an atmosphere in which ideas can be freely expressed and everyone’s contribution is valued supports innovation and development across various sectors.
Capitalism
The United States is regarded as one of the most prominent examples of modern capitalism. In the country, a free market economy, competition, and the encouragement of entrepreneurship form the core pillars of the American economic system. Americans are known for their strong belief in individual entrepreneurship and market forces. Freedom to start a business and innovate is highly valued, while the pursuit of success and wealth serves as a powerful source of motivation. Capitalism is the main driving force behind economic growth and technological advancement in the United States.
American capitalism also plays a significant role in the global economy. The U.S. is known as a strong advocate of free trade and international investment. American companies hold leading positions in global markets through innovation and strong brand value. Capitalism is a critical factor shaping the social and economic structure of the United States.
Business Culture
✦ American business culture is largely individualistic. Americans are generally highly motivated by their careers.
✦ There is no strong cultural obligation to age or job hierarchies. People may prioritize technical competence and excellence over company loyalty. For example, U.S. companies often hire “whiz-kids” with less experience but specialized knowledge.
✦ Americans tend to work longer and harder compared to other Westerners, though this may not always be by personal choice. Managers frequently monitor attendance and productivity closely.
✦ Americans can be opportunistic in business. For instance, they may be more willing to take risks promising high returns. When addressing problems, handling them directly and privately within the specific context helps prevent criticism from being perceived as a personal attack.
✦ Interviews and agreements are typically supported by strict legal oversight. Risk management is rigorous, litigation is common, and contracts often include clauses that assign responsibility to the other party. Always read the fine print and ensure you fully understand any document. U.S. companies commonly resort to lawsuits to resolve disputes.
✦ Entering the U.S. market can be challenging for foreign companies for several reasons. Achieving the scale needed to reach such a large country can be difficult. Products and procedures are often evaluated according to U.S. standards.
Practical Information
First Names and Titles
The order of names is first name, middle name, and last name.
When meeting someone for the first time, it is advisable to address them using their title followed by their last name. Once the person indicates how they prefer to be addressed, you can adjust accordingly.
Titles such as “Ms.”, “Miss”, “Mrs.”, “Mr.”, and “Dr.” can be used, followed by the last name.
If the person you are speaking with is a woman and you are unsure whether she is married, you may use “Ms.”. If she prefers a different form of address, she will usually let you know politely.
Business Meetings
Business meetings move at a very fast pace. Meetings usually begin with a brief opening introduction.
Business cards are important; however, when you give your card, you should not necessarily expect to receive one in return.
If there is no need for further contact, business cards are often not exchanged in many situations.
The majority of Americans believe that their country is the world’s most successful economic and democratic power and that every step it takes is the right one. This belief often stems from a lack of knowledge about other cultures and can lead to reduced interest in other countries.
Communication
Keep in mind that the vast majority of Americans speak only English and may not know any other languages.
Americans generally enjoy being around witty people and like to laugh.
Humor is usually well received; however, it is wise to be cautious. For example, avoid making jokes about ethnic or religious topics.
Sports are extremely popular and widespread in the United States, especially baseball, American football, and basketball.
Topics to Avoid
Avoid discussing sensitive or controversial topics such as religion, politics, abortion, and racism unless you know the person well enough.
Avoid asking a woman about her marital status. However, if she is willing to talk about such matters, you may politely ask a few questions about her husband and children.
Take care to avoid jokes with ethnic or religious content.
Welcome Topics
The following topics are generally considered safe and well-liked for social interactions:
Sports, work, and career
Travel and food
Music and books
Gift Giving
Gift-giving is considered a polite gesture in business relationships, but it should not be expected.
Gifts are generally given after a business meeting has reached a conclusion.
In some cases, gifts are presented unwrapped and shown to everyone spontaneously.
If you receive a Christmas gift, it is generally expected that the gift will not be opened until Christmas Day.
Business Attire
For the first meeting, it is advisable to wear simple and professional attire. For subsequent meetings, you can follow the style of your American business partner.
Business dress codes in the U.S. vary by region. In some areas, especially on the East Coast, everyone tends to wear formal suits. In other regions, such as the West Coast, more casual clothing is common. However, managers and executives are expected to dress formally across the country.
For women, business suits are an appropriate choice. Classic-style pantsuits are also widely accepted.
Appointments
Americans use the month-day-year format for dates; being aware of this in business interactions helps prevent misunderstandings.
Working hours typically run Monday through Friday, starting around 8:30–9:00 AM and ending between 5:00–6:00 PM; overtime is common.
Punctuality is very important. To account for possible delays due to traffic, it is recommended to leave early and inform your counterpart if you anticipate being late.
Timing is also important for social events: arriving on time or slightly early is appropriate for dinner invitations, while arriving a few minutes late is acceptable for cocktail events.
Many stores and supermarkets are open 24 hours a day, seven days a week, including Sundays.
Points to Consider
Americans view contradictions and opposing opinions as opportunities for idea exchange; they summarize issues and take a direct approach to find solutions and take action.
For meetings, experts or experienced individuals are preferred; technical expertise is important for technical topics, while factors such as gender, age, or social class are less relevant than character traits.
Individual goals and achievements are emphasized; personal success and entrepreneurship are encouraged.
Open, straightforward, and friendly behavior is common in business and social interactions; a relaxed work ethic is preferred over rigid formality, and closed or overly strict behavior is avoided.
Meetings are focused on “getting the job done,” concentrating on logical and important matters while avoiding unnecessary or illogical behavior.
Low-context communication is preferred; messages are delivered directly and verbally.
Logical and analytical arguments are supported by detailed facts to persuade.
A monochronic approach to time management prevails; the mindset of “time = money” guides structured and scheduled work.
Meetings are generally conducted based on agreed-upon facts; trust is important, but past distrust may be kept confidential.
A risk-taking culture exists; decision-making is not fully centralized, though senior managers make major decisions.
Agreements are formalized with detailed contracts, often prepared carefully by lawyers due to legal requirements.
Indicators
Hofstede Cultural Dimensions
Power Distance Index (PDI)
U.S., with a Power Distance score of around 40, has a relatively low and below-average level, indicating a societal structure with a more equal distribution of power.
For more information, visit our Hofstede Cultural Dimensions post.
Other Indicators
Corruption Perceptions Index
(CPI)
World Ranking
28
KOF Globalization Index
(KOF)
World Ranking
27
Global Innovation Index
(GII)
World Ranking
3
Human Development Index
(HDI)
World Ranking
20
Rule of Law Index
(WJP)
World Ranking
26
Ease of Doing Business Index
(EODB)
World Ranking
6
Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), 2024: Transparency.org
Human Development Index (HDI), 2023: United Nations Development Programme
KOF Globalization Index (KOF), 2024: ETH Zürich
Rule of Law Index (WJP), 2024: World Justice Project
Global Innovation Index (GII), 2024: WIPO
Ease of Doing Business Index (EODB), 2019: World Bank
Table of Contents
